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1
Q

Topic 2: Functionalist explanations

A

intro - structural sociologists and Durkheim

Conclusion - Albert cohen- the delinquent subculture

2
Q

Topic 3a: Marxist explanations

A

intro - Analysis of society - exploitation

conclusion - anything you don’t use

3
Q

Topic 3b: Social class and crime

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intro - Reiner

Conclusion - A Marxist you don’t use

4
Q

Topic 4a: Interactionist explanations

A

intro - definitions of normality and deviance are a social construction, things can be interpreted differently
Conclusion - Becker

5
Q

Topic 4b The role of the police and courts in the social construction of crime

A

intro - interpretivist sociologists argue that the OCS are of limited usefulness
Police stereotypes intro - tell us more about the nature of policing
Conclusion - institutional racism

6
Q

Topic 4c: The role of the mass media in the social construction of crime

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intro - media coverage of particular crime and the social reaction to them
Conclusion - Pilkington - reporting crime

7
Q

Topic 5a: Age and crime: sub-cultural explanations

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Intro - 50% of all crimes are committed by young people

Conclusion - Collison - overwhelmingly male

8
Q

Topic 6a: Left Realist explanations of crime

A

intro - During the 1980’s Marxist and interactionist approaches were criticized - use official statistics and make policies.
conclusion - Left Realism and subcultural theory

9
Q

Topic 6b: Left Realist solutions to crime

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intro - During the 1980’s Marxist and interactionist approaches were criticized - organisation of society
Conclusion - Feminist criminologists, such as Carlen

10
Q

Topic 7a: Right Realist (New Right) explanations of crime and deviance

A

intro - During the 1980’s Marxist and interactionist approaches were criticized - right-wing Conservative thinking
Murray development - Marsland - welfare dependency
Conclusion - Rational choice theory

11
Q

Topic 7b: Right Realist Solutions to Crime

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intro - During the 1980’s Marxist and interactionist approaches were criticized - benefits of crime outweigh the costs (emphasize individual)
Conclusion - Jones

12
Q

Topic 8a: Feminist approaches to crime and deviance

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intro - Most feminists share the assumption that women are disadvantaged in comparison with men
Conclusion - Liberal feminism

13
Q

Topic 8b: Gender and patterns of crime

A

intro - In 2006, 1.42 million offenders were sentenced for criminal offences in England and Wales
Conclusion - Katz, postmodernist

14
Q

Topic 8c: Victimisation

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intro - risk of being a victim of violent crime was 3.2 per cent (CSEW/BCS)
Conclusion - Victim surveys and ethnicity - British Crime Survey (CSEW)
Feminist victimisation explanations - Trangressive (introduced by smart), Domestic violence, Dworkin

15
Q

Topic 9a: Measuring crime and deviance: official statistics

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intro - records of official agencies every 6 months

Conclusion - Marxists are very critical of the OCS

16
Q

Topic 9b: Victim Surveys

A

intro - asked which offences have been committed against them over a certain period of time
Conclusion - don’t commit crime - why? victimization, 16 and over

17
Q

Topic 9c: Self-report studies

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intro - asked how often they commit illegal acts and their social characteristics
Conclusion - The problem of categorization and relevance, white collar crime

18
Q

Topic 10: Ethnicity and crime

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intro - disproportionate involvement of young males of African-Caribbean origin
Conclusion - sentencing

19
Q

Topic 11: Crime and locality

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intro - Rural areas tend to contain relatively close-knit communities
Conclusion - Hobbs and Lister - the ‘nocturnal economy’