02 The Thoracic Wall Flashcards Preview

Year 1: Anatomy of the Thorax > 02 The Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Flashcards in 02 The Thoracic Wall Deck (12)
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1
Q

How are the ribs connected on both ends

A

Head of the rib and tubercle connect with the thoracic vertebrae posteriorly and connect with costal cartilage anteriorly

2
Q

True or false: ribs are larger at the top than top he bottom

A

False

3
Q

What are the three parts of the sternum

A

Manubrium, body and xiphoid process

4
Q

What are the contents of thoracic inlets

A

Great vessels, trachea, oesophagus, nerves, apex of lungs

5
Q

How do diaphragm and the movement of the ribs increase chest volume

A

Diaphragm flattens to increase vertical diameter and also pulls costal margins up to increase transverse and antero-posterior diameters
Ribs have pump handle which is an anterior superior movement plus bucket handle to elevate lateral ribs

6
Q

How do intercostal muscles aid breathing

A

Stiffens the chest wall to increase efficiency

7
Q

Describe the distribution of muscle and aponeurosis of external, internal and innermost intercostals

A

External intercostal: muscle posteriorly and membrane anteriorly
Internal intercostal: muscle anteriorly and membrane posteriorly
Innermost: poorly developed

8
Q

Where is the neurvascular bundle located

A

Just under internal intercostal muscle

9
Q

What do lateral cutaneous branch and anterior cutaneous branch of intercostal nerves supply

A

Lateral: anterior and posterior
Anterior: medial and lateral

10
Q

What are the blood supply to the anterior and posterior intercostal space

A

Anterior: anterior intercostal artery (branching from internal thoracic artery which branch from subclavian artery)
Posterior: posterior intercostal artery (branching from thoracic aorta)

11
Q

Describe the boarders for chest drain

A

Superiorly: apex of axilla
Inferiorly: 5th intercostal space anteriorly to mid axillary line
Laterally: lateral boarder of pectoralis major and anterior boarder of lattisimis dorsi

2nd to the 5th intercostal space

12
Q

Where do spinal nerves exit from

A

Vertebral canal which is on the inferior edge of the vertebra of the same level. Therefore the intercostal nerves only run on the inferior portion of costal groove